Which of the following is a common disease caused by fungi?

The answer is correct because both blight and root rot are diseases commonly associated with fungal pathogens.

Blight generally refers to a variety of diseases that cause rapid tissue necrosis in plants, commonly seen in leaves, stems, and flowers. It can be caused by several different types of fungi, which attack plant tissues under specific environmental conditions, leading to wilting, discoloration, or death of the affected areas.

Root rot, on the other hand, is a term used for a variety of diseases caused by fungi that infect the roots of plants. This condition occurs when the fungi thrive in overly moist conditions, leading to the breakdown of root tissues. Affected plants usually exhibit symptoms like stunted growth and yellowing leaves.

Both these conditions illustrate how certain fungi can significantly impact plant health and agricultural productivity, making it essential for pest control practitioners to identify and manage these diseases effectively. Nematode infections, while a significant problem in agriculture, are caused by roundworms and not by fungi, which sets them apart from the diseases caused by fungal infections.