How do aphids feed on plants?

Aphids feed on plants primarily by thrusting sharp, specialized mouthparts called stylets into the plant tissue, which allows them to access and suck out the cell contents, particularly the plant's sap. This method of feeding is known as piercing-sucking. The stylets penetrate the plant’s cell wall and enable the aphids to extract nutrients, mostly carbohydrates and amino acids, that are dissolved in the sap.

This feeding process can be detrimental to plants as it not only removes vital nutrients but can also introduce stress to the plant. Furthermore, the saliva of aphids may contain compounds that can interfere with plant defenses or induce harmful responses, although the focus here is on their method of feeding rather than associated effects. Other feeding methods mentioned do not accurately describe how aphids interact with plants, emphasizing the unique and effective approach that aphids employ to exploit their food sources.